Rotary
water well drilling rig machine, it mainly relies on the rotary motion of the drilling tool to break the rock formation into holes. There are five main types:
(1) pot cone. The pan cone drill is used to rotate and cut the soil layer. According to the size of the drill, they are respectively called cauldron cone and small cauldron cone, which can be driven by manpower or power. The cuttings fall into the pot and are lifted to the ground. Its simple structure, low efficiency, suitable for the general soil or sand pebble soil layer. The drilling depth is 80 ~ 100 meters for small pot cone and 30 ~ 40 meters for large pot cone.
(2) circulating mud wash rotary
drilling machine. By tower, hoist, rotary, drilling tools, mud pump, faucet and motor. During the operation, the power machine drives the rotary table through the transmission device, and the drill bit is driven by the active drill pipe to rotate and break the rock. There are positive and negative cycles. During the operation of the positive circulation drill, cuttings at the bottom of the well are carried out of the wellhead through a circular channel outside the drill pipe. After settling in the sedimentation tank, mud flows back to the mud pool for recycling. During the operation of the reverse-circulation drill, mud will flow from the wellhead to the bottom of the well after settling in the sedimentation tank. Mud carrying cuttings will be pumped upward from the well by sand and gravel pump through the bit nozzle and through the inner cavity of the drill pipe and back to the sedimentation tank. The drilling machine has a high rising velocity in the drill pipe, strong ability to discharge cuttings and pebbles, fast drilling speed, suitable for soil, sand and loose formation with pebble diameter smaller than the drill pipe inner diameter. The drilling depth is generally less than 150 meters.
(3) pressure gas flushing
rotary drilling machine. Replace the mud pump with an air compressor on a rotary rotary rig, and replace the mud wash with compressed air. Reverse circulation, also known as gas lift reverse circulation, is usually used. Suitable for deep Wells and water shortage in arid areas and the frozen zone.
(4) hydraulic power head drill. Driven by a hydraulic motor through a reducer, and with a power head moving up and down along the pylon instead of the turntable and faucet on the rotary rig, the drill pipe and drill bit are driven to rotate the cutting rock. Large bore Wells can be drilled.
(5) submersible vibration
rotary drill. The rock is drilled by a combination of vibration and rotary motion. The drill is composed of a bit, a vibrator, a damper and a guide cylinder. The exciting force generated by the vibrator causes the whole drill to make a conical pendulum motion to break the rock formation. The well is washed by reverse circulation of compressed air so that cuttings are discharged through the pipe and drill pipe cavities. The drilling depth can be up to 150 meters.
