Water well drilling rigs are machinery and equipment that complete operations such as running down pipes and washing wells. Including power equipment and drill bits, drill rods, core pipes, drill stands, etc. Generally divided into three categories of rotary machine, impact drill and compound machine.
Rotary
water well drilling rig
The rotary
water well drilling rig relies on the rotary motion of the drilling tool to break the rock formation to make holes. During operation, the power machine drives the turntable through the transmission device, and the active drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate the broken rock layer at a speed of 30 to 90 rpm. The mud is pumped and pressurized by the mud pump and then pressed into the hollow drill pipe through the faucet above the drill pipe, flows down into the drill bit, and is ejected from the nozzle to cool and lubricate the drill bit. The rock debris at the bottom of the well is taken out through the annular channel outside the drill pipe. At the wellhead, after sedimentation in the sedimentation tank, the mud flows back to the mud tank for recycling. The drilling method and structure of the rotary disk drilling rig for reverse circulation mud washing are basically the same as above, but the circulation mode of the mud is opposite: the mud flows from the wellhead to the bottom of the well after sedimentation in the sedimentation tank, and the mud carrying rock cuttings is passed by a sand pump The bit nozzle is sucked out of the well through the inner cavity of the drill rod and returned to the sedimentation tank. This method is called pumping reverse circulation. A water pump can also be used to shoot the pressurized water stream from the bottom of the well into the drill pipe cavity through the nozzle to form an ascending water stream carrying rock cuttings, which is called jet flow reverse circulation. The drilling rig can form a high ascending velocity in the drill pipe, and has a strong ability to discharge cuttings and pebbles, so the drilling speed is fast. It is suitable for loose stratum with soil layer, general sand layer and pebble diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the drill pipe. The inner diameter of the drill pipe used is larger, generally 150 ~ 200 mm, and the maximum can reach 300 mm. However, due to the limitation of the pump's suction or pressure feeding capacity, the drilling depth is generally within 150 meters, and the chip removal efficiency is higher when the well depth is within 50 meters. Rotary rotary drilling rig for compressed gas well washing The rotary rotary drilling rig uses air compressor instead of mud pump and compressed air instead of mud washing well. Usually adopts the reverse circulation method, also known as gas lift reverse circulation. That is, the compressed air is sent to the gas-water mixing chamber in the well through the gas supply pipeline to be mixed with the water flow in the drill pipe to form an aerated water flow with a specific gravity of less than 1. Under the gravity of the ring-shaped water column around the drill pipe, the aerated water stream inside the drill pipe rises with the cuttings and exits the well, flows into the sedimentation tank, and the precipitated water flows back into the well in a self-flow manner. When this kind of drilling rig is used in deep wells (above 50 meters), the chip removal capacity is greater than that using pumping or jet reverse circulation drilling rigs. Therefore,
rotary water well drilling rig is suitable for situations with large well depths and arid areas lacking water, as well as frozen soil layers in cold regions.
